| Common
Name |
Chemical
Name |
Chemical
Formula |
Used
For |
Specific
Density |
Other
Characteristics |
| Agalite
or Talc |
Silicate of
Magnesia |
MgO-32%, SiO2-62% |
It gives paper a greasy or soapy feel. and enables it to take a high finish. |
2.6 - 2.8 |
A natural fibrous form of talc, gray in color. |
| AKD |
Alkyl Ketene
Dimer |
|
Sizing |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Alum |
Sulfate of
Alumina |
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O |
For alkaline
sizing along with Rosin |
1.62 |
|
| Albarine |
Natural
Sulfate of Lime |
CaSO4.2H2O
- 100% |
A calcium salt that is used for a variety of purposes including: building materials. |
2.4 |
|
| Ammonium Zirconium
Carbonate (AZC) |
Ammonium Zirconium
Carbonate |
CH2O3NH3Zr |
Used as in-solubilizer,
crosslinker & hardener |
1.36 |
AZC is a clear,
usually colorless solution, having an odor of ammonia and a pH of
approximately 9.5. As a carbonate, it will react with acids, and so should
not be used in coating systems below pH 7. In storage, it is stable for up
to six months. |
| Anthraquinone |
Anthraquinone |
C14H8O2 |
Added to
white liquor (alkaline cooking liquor) to improve pulp yield and to
increase the rate of delignification. |
1.44 |
yellow crystalline powder |
| Anti-Foam/Defoamer |
|
|
To prevent
foam (anti-foam) or to destroy it once it has formed (defoamer). |
|
Surface
active, but highly insoluble in water. |
| Asbestine |
Silicate of
Magnesia |
MgO-32%, SiO2-62% |
It is used as a
loading agent in paper manufacture, particularly for blotting papers and board. |
2.6 - 2.8 |
A mineral compound of almost pure fibrous magnesium silicate, which possesses physical characteristics between those of talc and asbestos. |
| APE |
Alkylphenol Ethoxylates |
CH3(CH2)n(C6H4)
(OCH2CH2)m-OH |
Used as cleaning agents or surfactants |
|
|
| ASA |
Alkenyl
Succinic Anhydride |
|
Sizing |
|
|
| Barium
Sulfate |
Barium
Sulfate |
BaSO4
- 100% |
Used as a pigment |
4.2-4.5 |
White insoluble
powder. |
| Barytes |
Barium
Sulfate |
BaSO4
- 100% |
Used as
filler |
4.2-4.5 |
|
| Blanc Fixe |
Barium
Sulfate |
BaSO4
- 100% |
Used as a base for watercolor pigments and as a filler in paper. |
4.2-4.5 |
Powdered barium sulfate |
| CMC |
Carboxy
Methyl Cellulose |
|
Sizing |
|
|
| Caustic Lye
or Caustic Soda or Lye |
Sodium
Hydroxide |
NaOH |
Pulping and
to maintain pH |
|
|
| Chalk
(Precipitated) |
Precipitated
Calcium Carbonate |
CaCO3 -
100% |
Filler
particularly with acidic sizing. |
2.7-2.9 |
High
Brightness & Opacity |
| Chalk (French
or Spanish) |
Silicate of
Magnesia |
4MgO+5SiO2+H2O;
MgO - 33%; SiO2 62% |
|
2.6-2.9 |
A soft white compact talc |
| China Clay,
Kaolin |
Hydrated
Silicate of Alumina |
Al2O3-40%;
SiO2-46%; H2O-13% |
Filler,
Coating |
2.4-2.7 |
|
| Chlorine
Dioxide |
Chlorine
Dioxide |
ClO2 |
In Pulp Bleaching |
2.86 |
|
| Chlorine Gas |
Chlorine |
Cl2 |
In Pulp Bleaching and water treatment |
2.86 |
|
| Dolomite |
Calcium
Magnesium Carbonate |
CaMg(CO3)2 |
Filler,
Coating |
2.86 |
|
| DTPA |
Diethylene
Triamine Penta Acetate |
|
Used for chelation (removal of transition metals from pulp). |
|
|
| EDTA |
Ethylene
Diamine Tetra acetic Acid |
|
Used for chelation (removal of transition metals from pulp). |
|
|
| Guar Gum |
Natural
Polymer |
|
Dry Strength
Additive |
|
cationic
derivative |
| Gypsum or
Mineral White or Plaster |
Natural
Sulfate of Lime |
CaSO4.2H2O |
Gypsum
board, |
2.4 |
|
| Hydrogen
Peroxide |
Hydrogen
Peroxide |
H2O2 |
In Pulp Bleaching |
3.13-3.4 |
|
| Lime |
Calcium Oxide |
CaO |
Alkaline
Pulping Process Chemical Recovery, Bleaching |
3.13-3.4 |
|
| Lime Stone |
Calcium
Carbonate |
CaCO3 |
To make Lime
Precipitated CaCO3 is used as Filler and in
Coating |
|
|
| Magnesite |
Magnesium
Carbonate |
MgCO3 -100% |
|
2.5 |
|
| Oxygen |
Oxygen |
O2 |
In Pulp Bleaching |
|
|
| Ozone |
Ozone |
O3 |
In Pulp Bleaching |
|
|
| Rosin |
Abietic Acid |
C19H29COOH |
Sizing |
|
|
| Rosin Soap |
Sodium
Abietate |
C19H29COONa |
Sizing |
|
|
| Salt Cake |
Sodium
Sulfate |
Na2SO4.
10H2O |
Makeup
chemical in sulfate pulping chemical recovery (Na2SO4.
--- Na2S) |
2.4 |
|
| Soda Ash |
Sodium
Carbonate |
Na2CO3 |
Makeup
chemical in alkaline pulping chemical recovery (Na2CO3
+Ca(OH)2 --- 2NaOH+CaCO3) |
2.43-2.51 |
|
| Sodium
Dithionite |
Sodium Hydrosulfite |
Na2
O4 S2 |
Bleaching |
2.20 |
White
crystalline powder with weak sulforous odor |
| Sodium
Silicate |
Sodium
Silicate |
Na2SiO3 |
In waste
paper deinking for wetting, peptization, ink dispersion, peroxide
stabilization. |
|
|
| Starch |
. |
Comprised of
glucose units linked together by oxygen bridges called glycosides |
Wet and dry
end additive |
|
|
| Sulfur |
Sulfur |
S |
To make HSO3
for bi-sulfite pulping |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Titania |
Titanium
Dioxide |
TiO2 |
Filler to
increase the opacity and brightness of paper. Used in coating also. |
3.84-4.26 |
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